How to Find Your HTS Code: A Step-by-Step Guide

What is an HTS Code?

An HTS (Harmonized Tariff Schedule) code is a standardized numerical code used to classify every product imported into the United States. The code determines:

• The duty rate you'll pay
• Whether any special tariffs apply (like Section 301)
• Statistical tracking of trade flows
• Eligibility for trade agreement preferential rates

Understanding HTS Code Structure

HTS codes follow a hierarchical structure:

• Chapters (2 digits): Broad product categories (e.g., Chapter 85 = Electrical Machinery)
• Headings (4 digits): More specific groupings (e.g., 8517 = Telephone sets)
• Subheadings (6 digits): International standard level (e.g., 8517.13 = Smartphones)
• US-specific (8-10 digits): The full statistical suffix (e.g., 8517.13.00.00)

The first 6 digits are standardized worldwide under the Harmonized System (HS). The remaining digits are US-specific.

Step 1: Identify What Your Product IS

Before searching for a code, clearly define:

• What is the product made of? (material composition matters)
• What is its primary function?
• Is it a finished product, component, or raw material?
• How is it used?

Step 2: Start with the Section and Chapter

The HTS is organized into 21 Sections and 97 Chapters. Start broad:

• Animal products → Sections I-II (Chapters 1-14)
• Chemicals → Section VI (Chapters 28-38)
• Textiles → Section XI (Chapters 50-63)
• Machinery → Section XVI (Chapters 84-85)
• Electronics → Chapter 85

Step 3: Narrow Down to Heading and Subheading

Within your chapter, read through the headings. HTS classification follows the General Rules of Interpretation (GRI):

• GRI 1: Classification is determined first by the terms of the headings and section/chapter notes
• GRI 2: Incomplete or unfinished articles are classified as the finished article if they have its essential character
• GRI 3: When goods appear classifiable under two or more headings, use the most specific description

Step 4: Use Our Search Tool

Use the VatCheck HTS code search to quickly find codes by product description. Enter keywords describing your product and browse the results.

Step 5: Verify with CBP Ruling Letters

For high-value or ambiguous products, search CBP's CROSS (Customs Rulings Online Search System) database for binding rulings on similar products.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Classifying by intended use alone: Material composition often takes precedence
• Using a competitor's code without verification: Different products may look similar but classify differently
• Ignoring chapter and section notes: These can override seemingly obvious classifications
• Not updating codes: HTS codes change periodically

When to Get Professional Help

Consider hiring a licensed customs broker when:

• Your product is valued over $100,000
• Classification is ambiguous
• You're importing regularly
• Your product may be subject to anti-dumping or countervailing duties